Differential target multiplexed spinal cord stimulation using a paddle-type lead placed at the appropriate site for neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury in patients with past spinal surgical histories: study protocol for an exploratory clinical trial

Abstract Background Neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury (SCI), both traumatic and non-traumatic, is refractory to various treatments.Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is one of the neuromodulation therapies for neuropathic pain, although SCS has insufficient efficacy for neuropathic pain after SCI.The reasons are presumed to be inappropriate loca

read more



Integrated Multitrophic Aquaculture; Analysing Contributions of Different Biological Compartments to Nutrient Removal in a Duckweed-Based Water Remediation System

Duckweed (Lemnaceae) can support the development of freshwater aquaculture if used as extractive species in Integrated MultiTrophic Aquaculture (IMTA) systems.These aquatic plants have the advantage of producing protein-rich biomass that has several potential uses.On the contrary, other biological compartments, such as microalgae and bacteria, pres

read more